1. 1920 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken on 28/30 Jan 1920; Page
196A; Image 3 of 16; Family #25/25.
Listed as Ralph Consolo; age 28; born in Italy; immigranted to US in 1904; naturalized in 1910;
married; coal miner; head of household.
2. 1930 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier Mining Village; taken on 9 Apr
1930; Page 235A; Image 9 of 35; Family #68/68.
Listed as Ralph Consolo; age 39; born in Italy; married at 25; immigrated to US in 1904; naturalized
citizen; assistant mine foreman; head of household.
3. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 6 Apr 1940; Page 784B;
E D # 24-40; Image 9 of 36; Household #53.
Listed as Ralph Consolo; age 49; born in Italy; married; 3 yrs HS education; lived in same house
on 1 Apr 1935; section foreman in coal mine; head of household.
4. McDowell Co, WV; WW II Draft Registration Card #U-1680; 27 Apr 1946; Ancestry.com Web Site.
Ralph Consolo; age 52; born 19 Aug 1890 in Guardavalle, (Calabria Region, Catanzaro Province)
Italy; living at Premier, WV; employed by Premier Pocahontas Colleries Co, Premier, WV; person
who will always know address, Josephine Consolo; 5'6" tall; 135 lbs; brown eyes; gray hair; light
complexion.
5. Mercer Co, WV; Death Certificate #'62 016009; WV Archives Web Site.
Ralph Consolo; age 72; born 19 Aug 1890 in Italy; married; retired coal miner; living at 206 Walnut
Princeton, WV; son of Frank and Theresa Consolo; died 27 Nov 1962 in Mercer Memorial Hospital,
Princeton, WV; from a pulmonary edema due to carcinoma of lungs; buried 30 Nov 1962 in
Roselawn Cemetery, Princeton, WV; informant, Pete S.? Consolo, Princeton.
Giuseppina "Josephine" Cammuso
1. 1920 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken on 28/30 Jan 1920; Page
196A; Image 3 of 16; Family #25/25.
Listed as Josephine Consolo; age 23; born in Italy; immigranted to US in 1914; alien; married; in
household of husband, Ralph Consolo.
2. 1930 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier Mining Village; taken on 9 Apr
1930; Page 235A; Image 9 of 35; Family #68/68.
Listed as Josephine Consolo; age 33; born in Italy; married at 20; immigrated to US in 1915;
naturalized citizen; in household of husband, Ralph Consolo.
3. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 6 Apr 1940; Page 784B;
E D # 24-40; Image 9 of 36; Household #53.
Listed as Josephine Consolo; age 43; born in Italy; married; 3 yrs HS education; lived in same house
on 1 Apr 1935; in household of husband, Ralph Consolo.
1. 1920 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken on 28/30 Jan 1920; Page
196A; Image 3 of 16; Family #25/25.
Listed as Frank Consolo; age 2 yrs 0 mons; born in PA; in household of father, Ralph Consolo.
2. 1930 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier Mining Village; taken on 9 Apr
1930; Page 235A; Image 9 of 35; Family #68/68.
Listed as Frank Consolo; age 13; born in PA; in household of father, Ralph Consolo.
3. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 6 Apr 1940; Page 784B;
E D # 24-40; Image 9 of 36; Household #53.
Listed as Frank Consolo; age 23; born in PA; single; 1 yr HS education; lived in same house
on 1 Apr 1935; taxi driver; in household of father, Ralph Consolo.
1. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 6 Apr 1940; Page 784B;
E D # 24-40; Image 9 of 36; Household #53.
Listed as Pete Consolo; age 8; born in WV; single; 2nd grade education; lived in same house
on 1 Apr 1935; in household of father, Ralph Consolo.
1. "The We;ch Daily News"; Saturday; 3 Nov 1928; Page 5.
"HONOR ROLL PREMIER
"The following pupils made the Honor Roll for the month of October, being neither absent, tardy, and
making an average of 90, with nothing below 85.
"FIRST GRADE: Walter Blankenbeckler, Donald Daughtery (sp?), Otho Grimes, Chester Kerns (sp?),
??? Edwards, Nellie ???, Lucille Staley, Myrtle Burnett, Catherine Console, Concettina Fly, Lever
Cecil, Crockett Osborne, Warren Pennington, Howard Shannon...
2. 1930 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier Mining Village; taken on 9 Apr
1930; Page 235A; Image 9 of 35; Family #68/68.
Listed as Catherine F. Consolo; age 7; born in WV; in household of father, Ralph Consolo.
1. "Bluefield Daily Telegraph", Bluefield, WV, Wednesday, 16 Feb 2005, newspaper Obit for brother,
Ernest Roy Pardue.
2 1920 Census, McDowell Co, WV, Browns Creek District, Hemphill, taken on 16 Jan 1920, Page 267B,
Family #142.
Listed as Alden Perdue, age 7, born in WV, in household of father, Ira J. Pardue.
3. 1930 Census, McDowell Co, WV, Browns Creek District, Mohegan, taken on 2 Apr 1930, Page 65A,
Family #15.
Listed as Alden G. Perdue, age 17, born in WV, in household of father, Ira J. Pardue.
4. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #12.
Listed as Aud Perdue; age 27; born in WV; married; 8th grade education; lived in same place
on 1 Apr 1935; coal miner; head of household.
5. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 7 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 14; Dwelling #109.
Listed as Alden Perdue; age 36; born in WV; married; works in car shop for coal mine; head of
household.
6. US Public Records Index, Vol 1; Ancestry.com Web Site.
Alden Perdue; born _______; living at 31 Quail Valley, Princeton, WV 24740.
7. Social Security Death Index; Ancestry.com Web Site.
Alden Perdue; born 23 May 1913; died in Mar 1985; last residence, Princeton, Mercer Co, WV;
SS #235-09-5540; card issued in WV before 1951.
1. 1930 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken on 15 Apr 1930; Page
240A; Image 19 of 35; Family #154/154.
Listed as Logene M. Price; age 9; born in WV; in household of step-father, Oliver J. Williams.
2. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #12.
Listed as Logene Perdue; age 19; born in WV; married; 4 yr HS education; lived in same place
on 1 Apr 1935; in household of husband, Alden G. Perdue.
3. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 7 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 14; Dwelling #109.
Listed as Logean Perdue; age 29; born in WV; married; practical nurse for coal mine; in household
of husband, Alden Perdue.
4. US Public Records Index, Vol 1; Ancestry.com Web Site.
Logene M. Perdue; born 17 Feb 1921; living at 31 Quail Valley, Princeton, WV 24740.
5. Social Security Death Index; Ancestry.com Web Site.
Logene Perdue; born 17 Feb 1921; died 9 Apr 2008; last residence, Princeton, Mercer Co, WV;
card issued in WV before 1951.
1. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 7 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 14; Dwelling #109.
Listed as Jean Perdue; age 9; born in WV; in household of father, Alden Perdue.
1. Jefferson Co, AL; WW I Draft Registration Card #288; 5 Jun 1917; Ancestry.com Web Site.
John Scarvey; age 22; born 2 Oct 1894 at Galoway (sp?), AL; living at 800 37th Street, Waylan,
AL; coal miner for TCI Co, #8 Mine; single; no dependents; medium height and build; brown eyes;
Black hair.
2. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #12.
Listed as John Scarvey; age 50; born in AL; married; 3rd grade education; lived in Alabama
on 1 Apr 1935; lodger; coal miner; in household of Alden G. Perdue.
3. Social Security Death Index; Ancestry.com Web Site.
John Scarvey; born 2 Oct 1894; died in Feb 1964; SS #420-03-5960; card issued in AL before
1951.
4. Alabama Deaths, 1908-1974; LDS Web Site.
John Scarvey; age 69; husband of Flora Scarvey; son of Frank and Minnie (Wiggins) Scarvey; died
13 Feb 1964 in Birmingham, Jefferson Co, AL,
1. 1910 Census, Mingo Co, WV; Magnolia District; taken on 20 Apr 1910; Page 142B; Image 14 of 52;
Family #130/130.
Listed as Lance Neal; age 1 yr 3 mons; born in WV; in household of father, Hugh W. Neal.
2. 1930 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier Mining Village; taken 14 Apr 1930;
Page 239A; Family #136/136.
Listed as Lance L. Neal; age 20; born in WV; single; brakeman in coal mine; in household of father,
Hugh W. Neal.
3. McDowell Co, WV; Marriage Records; Vol #__(1932); Page 149; WV Archives Web Site.
Lance Neal; age 23; born in Mingo Co, WV; single; miner; living at Premier, WV; son of H.W. and
Pricy; married on 29 Sep 1932 at Welch, WV; Nellie Burns; age 17; born in McDowell Co, WV;
single; daughter of James and Mattie.
4. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #13.
Listed as Lance Neal; age 31; born in WV; married; 7th grade education; lived in same place
on 1 Apr 1935; machine operator in coal mine.; head of household.
5. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 12 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 24; Dwelling #171.
Listed as Lance Neel; age 41; born in WV; married; motorman in coal mine; head of household.
6. McDowell Co, WV; Death Certificate #10169; WV Archives Web Site.
Lance L. Neal; age 42; born 11 Jan 1909 at Matewan, WV; married; miner; living at Premier, WV;
son of H.W. and Pricie Neal; died 1 Aug 1951 in Grace Hospital, Welch, WV; from ruptured
diaphram; head-on collision with another auto on highway in Mingo Co, WV; buried 5 Aug 1951 in
Iaeger Memorial.
1. McDowell Co, WV; Marriage Records; Vol #__(1932); Page 149; WV Archives Web Site.
Lance Neal; age 23; born in Mingo Co, WV; single; miner; living at Premier, WV; son of H.W. and
Pricy; married on 29 Sep 1932 at Welch, WV; Nellie Burns; age 17; born in McDowell Co, WV;
single; daughter of James and Mattie.
2. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #13.
Listed as Nellie Neal; age 20; born in VA; married; 7th grade education; lived in same place
on 1 Apr 1935; in household of husband, Lance Neal.
3. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 12 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 24; Dwelling #171.
Listed as Nellie Neel; age 31; born in VA; married; in household of husband, Lance L. Neal.
4. Ohio Death Index, 1908-2007; LDS Web Site.
Nellie Anne Thompson; age 71; born 10 Aug 1919 (sic?) in VA; married; homemaker; 9th grade
education; died 13 feb 1991 in North Columbiana County Community Hospital, East Palestine,
Columbiana Co, OH.
1. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 12 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 24; Dwelling #171.
Listed as Donnie R. Neel; age 18; born in WV; in household of father, Lance L. Neal.
1. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #13.
Listed as Lance Neal, Jr; age 5; born in WV; single; no education; lived in same place
on 1 Apr 1935; in household of father, Lance Neal.
2. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 12 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 24; Dwelling #171.
Listed as Lance Neel, Jr; age 15; born in WV; in household of father, Lance L. Neal.
3. McDowell Co, WV; Death Certificate #11688; WV Archives Web Site.
Lance Neal; age 17; born 3 Feb 1935 at Premier, WV; single; US Army; living at Premier, WV;
son of Lance and Nellie (Burns) Neal; died 2 Sep 1952 at Roderfield, WV; from churshing injuries
to chest; auto overturned on street in Roderfield, WV; buried 7 Sep 1952; no cemetery listed.
1. McDowell Co, WV; Death Registry;Browns Creek District; Vol #__(1939); WV Archives Web Site.
Deloris Ann Neal; born and died 21 Mar 1939 at Premier, WV; stillborn; parents, Lance and Nellie
Ann (Burns) Neal; reported by Lance Neal.
1. McDowell Co, WV; Death Certificate #8176; WV Archives Web Site.
Shelby Jean Neal; born 18 May 1940 at Premier, WV; died 20 May 1940 at Premier, WV;
daughter of Lance and Nellie Ann (Burns) Neal; buried 21 May 1940 in Roderfield Cemetery; Nellie
Burns Neal born at Marion, VA; informant, Lance Neal, Premier, WV.
1. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 12 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 24; Dwelling #171.
Listed as Jackie Neel; age 5; born in WV; in household of father, Lance L. Neal.
1. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 12 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 24; Dwelling #171.
Listed as Roger D. Neel; age 3; born in WV; in household of father, Lance L. Neal.
1. 1910 Census, Mingo Co, WV; Magnolia District; taken on 20 Apr 1910; Page 142B; Image 14 of 52;
Family #130/130.
Listed as Hugh W. Neal; age 34; born in WV; married once for 7 yrs; coal miner; head of household.
2. McDowell Co, WV; Marriage Records; Vol #__(1929); Page 64; WV Archives Web Site.
H.W. Neal; age 52; born in Wayne Co, WV; widowed; electrician; living at Premier, WV; son of
W.H. and Anna; married on 18 Jun 1929 at Roderfield, WV; Sarah L. Lambert; age 21; widow;
born in McDowell Co, WV; living at Premier, WV; daughter of Hiram.
3. 1930 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier Mining Village; taken 14 Apr 1930;
Page 239A; Family #136/136.
Listed as Hugh W. Neal; age 52; born in WV; married at 51; electrician in coal mine; head of
household.
4. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 783A;
E D # 24-40; Image 6 of 36; Household #27.
Listed as H.W. Neal; age 64; born in WV; married; 2nd grade education; lived in same place on
1 Apr 1935; tipple man at coal mine; head of household.
5. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 12 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 24; Dwelling #170.
Listed as Hue W. Neel; agr 74; born in WV; married; tipple operator for coal mine; head
of household.
6. McDowell Co, WV; Death Certificate #7457; WV Archives Web Site.
Hugh Wesley Neal; age 79; born 9 Mar 1876 in Wayne Co, WV; married; retired miner; living at
Hensley, WV; son of Wayne A. and Anna (Boen) Neal; died 27 May 1955 in Grace Hospital, Welch,
WV; from carcinoma of pancreas with liver and chest metastases, osteoarthritis of spine and
diverticulosis of colon; buried 30 May 1955 in Iaeger Memorial.
7. FindAGrave.com Web Site; Iaeger Memorial Cemetery, Roderfield, McDowell Co, WV; submitted by
B. Walls; 9 Dec 2013.
Hugh Wesley Neal; bornm 9 Mar 1876; died 27 May 1955; buried here; headstone photo shown;
"GONE BUT NOT FORGOTTEN".
1. 1910 Census, Mingo Co, WV; Magnolia District; taken on 20 Apr 1910; Page 142B; Image 14 of 52;
Family #130/130.
Listed as Pricy Neal; age 28; born in WV; married once for 7 yrs; 4 children, 2 living; in household
of husband, Hugh W. Neal.
2. McDowell Co, WV; Death Certificate #2112; WV Archives Web Site.
Pricy Neal; age 47 yrs, 10 mons, 28 days; born 29 Mar 1880 in KY; married; housewife; living at
Premier, WV; daughter of Andy and Jane (Smith) Rutherford; died 27 Feb 1928 at Premier, WV;
from gall stone infection, gastritis; buried 29 Feb 1928 at Matewan, WV; informant, H.W. Neal,
Premier, WV.
1. 1930 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier Mining Village; taken 14 Apr 1930;
Page 239A; Family #136/136.
Listed as Grant Neal; age 12; born in WV; in household of father, Hugh W. Neal.
1. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #13.
Listed as Pricie Fay Neal; age 3; born in WV; single; no education; in household of father, Lance
Neal.
2. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 12 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 24; Dwelling #171.
Listed as Pricey F. Neel; age 13; born in WV; in household of father, Lance L. Neal.
1. McDowell Co, WV; Marriage Records; Vol #__(1932); Page 149; WV Archives Web Site.
Lance Neal; age 23; born in Mingo Co, WV; single; miner; living at Premier, WV; son of H.W. and
Pricy; married on 29 Sep 1932 at Welch, WV; Nellie Burns; age 17; born in McDowell Co, WV;
single; daughter of James and Mattie.
2. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #13.
Listed as Nellie Neal; age 20; born in VA; married; 7th grade education; lived in same place
on 1 Apr 1935; in household of husband, Lance Neal.
3. 1950 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Premier; taken 12 Apr 1950; Sheet Number 24; Dwelling #171.
Listed as Nellie Neel; age 31; born in VA; married; in household of husband, Lance L. Neal.
4. Ohio Death Index, 1908-2007; LDS Web Site.
Nellie Anne Thompson; age 71; born 10 Aug 1919 (sic?) in VA; married; homemaker; 9th grade
education; died 13 feb 1991 in North Columbiana County Community Hospital, East Palestine,
Columbiana Co, OH.
1. 1910 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Adkins District; taken on 15 Apr 1910; Page 58B; Image 2 of 25;
Family #10/18.
Listed as James A. Dillon; age 6; born in WV; in household of father, Edmond E. Dillion.
2. 1920 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken on 5 Feb 1920; Page 200B;
Image 12 of 16; Family #118/119.
Listed as James A. Dillon; age 15; born in WV; in household of father, Edmond E. Dillion.
3. McDowell Co, WV; Marriage Records; Vol #__(1925); Page 305; WV Archives Web Site.
James A Dillion; age 21; born in McDowell Co, WV; single; miner; living at Premier, WV; son of Ed
and Ida Dillion; married on 28 Feb 1925 at Welch, WV; Leona Ratliff; age 17; born in McDowell Co,
WV; single; daughter of Charlie and Mary Ratliff.
4. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #14.
Listed as Jim Dillion; age 35; born in WV; married; 6th grade education; lived in same place on 1
Apr 1935; coal miner; in household of father, Edmond E. Dillon.
1. McDowell Co, WV; Marriage Records; Vol #__(1925); Page 305; WV Archives Web Site.
James A Dillion; age 21; born in McDowell Co, WV; single; miner; living at Premier, WV; son of Ed
and Ida Dillion; married on 28 Feb 1925 at Welch, WV; Leona Ratliff; age 17; born in McDowell Co,
WV; single; daughter of Charlie and Mary Ratliff.
2. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #14.
Listed as Leonia Neal (sic, Dillion); age 31; born in WV; married; 6th grade education; lived in same
place on 1 Apr 1935; coal miner; in household of father-in-law, Edmond E. Dillon, with husband.
3. FindAGrave.com Web Site; submitted by Kenneth Bowen; 6 May 2010.
" Leona Inez Ratliff Dillon
Birth 8 Jan 1909
Death 11 Feb 1988 (aged 79)
Burial
Meadows Cemetery
Elgood, Mercer County, West Virginia"
1. Mercer Co, WV; Marriage Registry; Vol #__(1922); Page 47; Line #7; WV Archives Web Site.
Robert A. Hudson; age 23; born in VA; single; living at Pulaski, VA; married on 7 Jan 1922 at
Bramwell, WV; Mary P. Smith; age 21; born in VA; single; living at Boissevain, VA.
2. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #15.
Listed as Robert A. Hudson; age 39; born in VA; married; 7th grade education; lived in Raleigh Co,
WV on 1 Apr 1935; electrician in coal mine.; head of household.
1. Mercer Co, WV; Marriage Registry; Vol #__(1922); Page 47; Line #7; WV Archives Web Site.
Robert A. Hudson; age 23; born in VA; single; living at Pulaski, VA; married on 7 Jan 1922 at
Bramwell, WV; Mary P. Smith; age 21; born in VA; single; living at Boissevain, VA.
2. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #15.
Listed as Pearl Hudson; age 36; born in VA; married; 4 yrs HS education; lived in Raleigh Co,
WV on 1 Apr 1935; in household of husband, Robert A. Hudson.
1. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #15.
Listed as Ann Hudson; age 17; born in VA; single; 3 yrs HS education; lived in Raleigh Co,
WV on 1 Apr 1935; in household of father, Robert A. Hudson.
1. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #15.
Listed as Robert Hudson, Jr; age 14; born in VA; single; 1 yr HS education; lived in Raleigh Co,
WV on 1 Apr 1935; in household of father, Robert A. Hudson.
1. 1940 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Premier; taken 3 Apr 1940; Page 782B;
E D # 24-40; Image 4 of 36; Household #15.
Listed as Priscilla Hudson; age 7; born in WV; single; 2nd grade education; lived in Raleigh Co,
WV on 1 Apr 1935; in household of father, Robert A. Hudson.
2. Mercer Co, WV; Death Registry; Vol #__(1948); Page 85; Line #2; WV Archives Web Site.
Priscilla Leigh Hudson; age 17 yrs, 7 mons, 23 days; born 7 Jun 1930 (sic, 1933) at Meade, WV;
single; bookkeeper; daughter of Robrt Alexander and Mary Pearl (Smith) Hudson; died 30 Jan 1948
at Bluefield, WV; from uremia, due to congental liver disease; buried 2 Feb 1948 in Forest Lawn
Cemetery, Norfolk, VA.