1. "Marriage Records of Wyoming Co, WV...", Vol 1, Haga, page 12.
Frank W. Bowers, age 20, born in Floyd Co, WV, son of Martin and Mariah
Bowers, married on 14 Aug 1870 Sarah E. Canada, age 21, born in Patrick, Co,
VA, daughter of Fleming and Saruna Canada.
2. FamilySearch.com, LDS Web Site, Martin Bowers search, 26 Sep 2001.
Martin Bowers; born abt 1821 pobably in Floyd Co, VA; married on 30 Dec 1841
Mariah Huff, born on 8 Jan 1825, daughter of John and Orina M. Livesay Huff.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed in household of father, Fleming Canada.
2. "Marriage Records of Wyoming Co, WV...", Vol 1, Haga, page 12.
Frank W. Bowers, age 20, born in Floyd Co, WV, son of Martin and Mariah
Bowers, married on 14 Aug 1870 Sarah E. Canada, age 21, born in Patrick, Co,
VA, daughter of Fleming and Saruna Canada.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed in household of father, Fleming Canada.
2. "Marriage Records of Wyoming...", Vol 1, Haga, page 17.
Married Emily Evans, daughter of Wiliam and Nancy Evans, on 4 Nov 1865.
There maybe a transcription error by Haga. Another reference gives their
marriage date as 8 Dec 1870. Their first child, Silas, was born in 1871
which leads me to believe the 1870 date is correct.
3. "Wyoming Co, WV Heritage", page 93.
Emily died giving birth to twins. John at age 60 remarried to Cynthia Green,
age 28. They had seven daughters. Cynthia died after 1926.
4. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Slab Fork Township, Family 56.
5. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 699.
Barkers Ridge Township, page 006.
Listed as Chapman Canada, age 28, head of household, a farmer.
6. 1900 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Slab Fork District, Family #92.
Listed as John C. Canady, age 50, widowed, head of household.
7. Wyoming Co, WV Web Site, Cemeteries
http://members.aol.com/jlcooke2/cemetery.htm
John C. Canada; born on 10 Feb 1852; died on 8 Feb 1944; buried in Canada
Cemetery, Saulsville, Wyoming Co, WV.
8. FamilySearch.com, LDS Web Site, Cynthia Green search, 30 Aug 2001, submitted
by Gloria C. Byrd, Rt #795, Paris, VA 22130.
John Chapman Canaday; born on 7 Feb 1851 in VA; died 8 Feb 1941 at
Saulsville, Wyoming Co, WV; buried on 10 Feb 1941 in Old Canaday Cemetery,
Saulsville, Wyoming Co, WV. Birth and death dates conflict with other
references.
9. 1910 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Slab Fork District, taken on 27/28 Apr 1910, Page 288B, Family #171.
Listed as J.C. Canada, age 57, born in WV, widowed, farmer, head of household.
1. 1900 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Slab Fork District, Family #24.
Listed as Thinthia Green, age 15, in household of mother, Caroline Green.
2. "Wyoming Co, WV Heritage", page 93.
Emily died giving birth to twins. John at age 60 remarried to Cynthia Green,
age 28. They had seven daughters. Cynthia died after 1926.
3. Wyoming Co, WV Web Site, Cemeteries
http://members.aol.com/jlcooke2/cemetery.htm
Sintha E. Canada; born on 2 Jun 1885; died on 20 Apr 1927; buried in Canada
Cemetery, Saulsville, Wyoming Co, WV.
1. FamilySearch.com, LDS Web Site, Cynthia Green search, 30 Aug 2001, submitted
by Gloria C. Byrd, Rt #795, Paris, VA 22130.
Naomi Canaday; born on 12 Nov 1912 at Saulsville, Wyoming Co, WV; died in
on 24 May 1984 in Raleigh Co, WV.
1. Wyoming Co, WV Web Site, Cemeteries
http://members.aol.com/jlcooke2/cemetery.htm
Cresa A. Canada; born in 1916; died in 1983; buried in Canada Cemetery,
Saulsville, Wyoming Co, WV.
2. FamilySearch.com, LDS Web Site, Cynthia Green search, 30 Aug 2001, submitted
by Gloria C. Byrd, Rt #795, Paris, VA 22130.
Cresa A. Canaday; born on 23 Mar 1916 at Saulsville, Wyoming Co, WV; died in
Jan 1983 at Welch, McDowell Co, WV.
Marcus Patterson "Mark" Kenneda
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed as head of household as farmer.
2. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Clear Fork Dist, at Sunhill PO, Family 18.
3. "Wyoming Co, WV Heritage", Wyoming Co. Genealogocal Society, 1995, page 12.
Peter Cline, fourth son of Peter Cline, married Mary (Polly) Smith, daughter
of Thomas Smith. They settled on Horse Pen Fork of Gilbert Creek (Mingo Co,
WV) sometime after 1820. They had seventeen children. Margaret, born 1836,
one of their daughters, married Mark Canady.
4. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 699.
Clear Fork Township, page 011.
Listed as Mart Canada, age 42, head of household, a farmer.
5. "Reference Book of Wyoming County History", Mary K. Bowman, page 398.
Eli Kenaday came from estern KY. He married Susan Toler. Children were
William "Bill"; Bob (both killed in the Civil War); Jane (married William
"Gimlet" Williams); Mina (married John Chapman of Logan Co); Cleophus
(married Octavia Toler); and Patterson "Mack" Kenaday (married Margaret
Cline daughter of Peter Cline).
Patterson and Margaret's children were: Eli, Jr (killed in WW II), John
(married Roxie Blankenship); Humphrey (married first Nancy Cline, second
Laura Brooks), and Polly (married Albert West).
6. 1900 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Clear Fork District, Family #153.
Listed as Mark P. Kennedy, age 76 head of household.
7. "Early Logan Co, WV Marriages" transcribed by Vicie Waskey Fowler.
M. T. (sic P.) Kenedy, age 19, born in Logan Co, WV, son of Eli and S.
Canada, married on 4 Mar 1858 Margaret Cline, age 21, born in Logan Co, WV,
daughter of Peter and Mary Cline.
8. 1910 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Clear Fork District, taken on 29/30 Apr 1910, Page 247A, Family #190.
Listed as Mart Canada, age 75, born in WV, married 50 yrs, head of household.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed in household of husband, Mark Canada.
2. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Clear Fork Dist, at Sunhill PO, Family 18.
3. "Wyoming Co, WV Heritage", Wyoming Co. Genealogocal Society, 1995, page 12.
Peter Cline, fourth son of Peter Cline, married Mary (Polly) Smith, daughter
of Thomas Smith. They settled on Horse Pen Fork of Gilbert Creek (Mingo Co,
WV) sometime after 1820. They had seventeen children. Margaret, born 1836,
one of their daughters, married Mark Canady.
4. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 699.
Clear Fork Township, page 011.
Listed as Margaret Canada, age 45, in household of husband, Mart (sic Mark)
Canada.
5. "Reference Book of Wyoming County History", Mary K. Bowman, page 398.
Eli Kenaday came from estern KY. He married Susan Toler. Children were
William "Bill"; Bob (both killed in the Civil War); Jane (married William
"Gimlet" Williams); Mina (married John Chapman of Logan Co); Cleophus
(married Octavia Toler); and Patterson "Mack" Kenaday (married Margaret
Cline daughter of Peter Cline).
Patterson and Margaret's children were: Eli, Jr (killed in WW II), John
(married Roxie Blankenship); Humphrey (married first Nancy Cline, second
Laura Brooks), and Polly (married Albert West).
6. 1900 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Clear Fork District, Family #153.
Listed as Margaret Kennedy, age 72, in household of husband, Patterson
Marcus Kenaday.
7. 1850 Census Logan Co, WV, District 32, page 142, taken 26 Aug 1850.
Family #308.
Listed as Peggy Cline, age 14, in household of father, Peter Cline.
8. "Early Logan Co, WV Marriages" transcribed by Vicie Waskey Fowler.
M. T. (sic P.) Kenedy, age 19, born in Logan Co, WV, son of Eli and S.
Canada, married on 4 Mar 1858 Margaret Cline, age 21, born in Logan Co, WV,
daughter of Peter and Mary Cline.
9. 1910 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Clear Fork District, taken on 29/30 Apr 1910, Page 247A, Family #190.
Listed as Peggy Canada, age 75, born in WV, married 50 yrs, 9 children, 3 living, in household of husband, Marcus
P. Kenaday.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed in household of father, Mark Canada.
2. "Births Wyoming Co...", Haga, 1859.
1. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Clear Fork Dist, at Sunhill PO, Family 18.
1. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 699.
Clear Fork Township, page 011.
Listed as Henry Canada, age 13, in household of father, Mark Canada.
1. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Clear Fork Township, at Sunhill P.O, Family 19.
Listed as head of household.
2. "Reference Book of Wyoming County History", Mary K. Bowman, page 398.
Eli Kenaday came from eastern KY. He married Susan Toler. Children were
William "Bill"; Bob (both killed in the Civil War); Jane (married William
"Gimlet" Williams); Mina (married John Chapman of Logan Co); Cleophus
(married Octavia Toler).
1. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Clear Fork Township, at Sunhill P.O, Family 19.
Listed in household of husband, Eli Kenaday.
2. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 699.
Clear Fork Township, page 011.
Listed as Susan Canada, age 65, in household of son, Marcus Kenaday.
3. "Reference Book of Wyoming County History", Mary K. Bowman, page 398.
Eli Kenaday came from estern KY. He married Susan Toler. Children were
William "Bill"; Bob (both killed in the Civil War); Jane (married William
"Gimlet" Williams); Mina (married John Chapman of Logan Co); Cleophus
(married Octavia Toler).
1. "Reference Book of Wyoming County History", Mary K. Bowman, page 398.
Eli Kenaday came from eastern KY. He married Susan Toler. Children were
William "Bill"; Bob (both killed in the Civil War); Jane (married William
"Gimlet" Williams); Mina (married John Chapman of Logan Co); Cleophus
(married Octavia Toler).
1. "Reference Book of Wyoming County History", Mary K. Bowman, page 398.
Eli Kenaday came from eastern KY. He married Susan Toler. Children were
William "Bill"; Bob (both killed in the Civil War); Jane (married William
"Gimlet" Williams); Mina (married John Chapman of Logan Co); Cleophus
(married Octavia Toler).
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed as head of household as a farmer.
2. "Marriage Records of Wyoming...", Vol 1, Haga, page 18.
Son of William and Elizabeth Carver.
Married Ellen Harrison, daughter of Edward and Clarissa Harrison.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed in household of husband, James M. Carver.
2. "Marriage Records of Wyoming...", Vol 1, Haga, page 18.
James M. Carver was son of William and Elizabeth Carver.
He married Ellen Harrison, daughter of Edward and Clarissa Harrison.
She was divorced.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed as head of household as a farmer.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed in household of husband, William Carver.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed in household of father William Carver.
1. 1850 Census, Pike Co, KY; taken on 12 Aug 1850; Page 449A; Image 31 of 127; Family #234/234.
Listed as Henry J, Clay; age 32; born in VA; farmer; head of household.
2. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV; Joes Branch PO; taken on 29 Jun 1860; Page 667; Image 18 of
73; Family #109/92.
Listed as Henry J. Clay; age 50; born in VA; farmer; head of household.
3. "Wyoming Co, WV Hertiage...", "Henry J. Clay", article, page 95.
After wife, Mary Anderson Clay, died on 1 Dec 1885, he married Rutha Rutherford.
4. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Center District, Rock View, Family 42.
5. "Marriage Records of Wyoming...", Vol 3, No 44, Haga, page 20.
Henry J. Clay, age 64, born KY, married Rutha Rutherford, age 42, born
Alleghaney Co, NC. They were married on 10 Oct 1886.
6. "Pioneers of SE Ky...", Kozee, page 150.
Henry Clay married Mary Anderson on 2 Aug 1838 in Pike Co, KY.
7. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 702.
Center Township, page 011.
Listed as Henry J. Clay, age 69, head of household, a Farmer.
8. Wyoming Co, WV Web Site, Cemeteries
http://members.aol.com/jlcooke2/cemetery.htm
Henry J. Clay; born in 1810; died in 1890; buried in Cook Cemetery,
Pineville, Wyoming Co, WV.
1. 1850 Census, Pike Co, KY; taken on 12 Aug 1850; Page 449A; Image 31 of 127; Family #234/234.
Listed as Mary Clay; age 34; born in VA; in household of husband, Henry J. Clay.
2. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV; Joes Branch PO; taken on 29 Jun 1860; Page 667; Image 18 of
73; Family #109/92.
Listed as Mary Clay; age 48; born in VA; in household of husband, Henry J. Clay.
3. "Wyoming Co, WV Hertiage...", "Henry J. Clay", article, page 95.
After wife, Mary Anderson Clay, died on 1 Dec 1885, he married Rutha
Rutherford.
4. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Center District, Rock View, Family 42.
5. "Marriage Records of Wyoming...", Vol 3, No 44, Haga, page 20.
Henry J. Clay, age 64, born KY, married Rutha Rutherford, age 42, born
Alleghaney Co, NC. They were married on 10 Oct 1886.
6. "Pioneers of SE Ky...", Kozee, page 150.
Henry Clay married Mary Anderson on 2 Aug 1838 in Pike Co, KY.
7. "Deaths of Wyoming Co, WV...", 1885, Haga.
Polly Clay died 1 Dec 1885 of consumption at age 62.
8. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 702.
Center Township, page 011.
Listed as Mary Clay, age 68, in household of husband, Henry J. Clay.
9. Wyoming Co, WV Web Site, Cemeteries
http://members.aol.com/jlcooke2/cemetery.htm
Mary Clay; born in 1820; died in 1885; buried in Cook Cemetery,
Pineville, Wyoming Co, WV.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV; Joes Branch PO; taken on 29 Jun 1860; Page 667; Image 18 of
73; Family #109/92.
Listed as Margarette Clay; age 8; born in KY; in household of father, Henry J. Clay.
2. "Wyoming Co, WV Hertiage...", "Henry J. Clay", article, page 95.
1. 1850 Census, Pike Co, KY; taken on 12 Aug 1850; Page 449A; Image 31 of 127; Family #234/234.
Listed as Henry J, Clay; age 32; born in VA; farmer; head of household.
2. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV; Joes Branch PO; taken on 29 Jun 1860; Page 667; Image 18 of
73; Family #109/92.
Listed as Henry J. Clay; age 50; born in VA; farmer; head of household.
3. "Wyoming Co, WV Hertiage...", "Henry J. Clay", article, page 95.
After wife, Mary Anderson Clay, died on 1 Dec 1885, he married Rutha Rutherford.
4. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Center District, Rock View, Family 42.
5. "Marriage Records of Wyoming...", Vol 3, No 44, Haga, page 20.
Henry J. Clay, age 64, born KY, married Rutha Rutherford, age 42, born
Alleghaney Co, NC. They were married on 10 Oct 1886.
6. "Pioneers of SE Ky...", Kozee, page 150.
Henry Clay married Mary Anderson on 2 Aug 1838 in Pike Co, KY.
7. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 702.
Center Township, page 011.
Listed as Henry J. Clay, age 69, head of household, a Farmer.
8. Wyoming Co, WV Web Site, Cemeteries
http://members.aol.com/jlcooke2/cemetery.htm
Henry J. Clay; born in 1810; died in 1890; buried in Cook Cemetery,
Pineville, Wyoming Co, WV.
1. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Center District, Rock View, Family 49.
2. "Reference Book of Wyoming Co", Bowman, page 435.
George Laxton, brother of Thomas, Sr., married Jenny (Jane) Stringer in NC.
He moved his family to Cabin Creek in Wyoming Co, WV, date unknown. (This
must have been about 1867. Their children were: Sarilda (married Enoch B.
Wills), Pheobe (married Samuel A. Cox), Thomas J. (Drucilla Cox), Fields
Emmett (married Vernila Laxton, I believe Fields was not George's son but his
grandfather), Jane (married Fields Rutherford in NC), John Columbus (married
Harriett McComas) and Ellen (married J. Edward Young).
Fields and Jane Laxton Rutherford's children were: Manly M., Thomas E. John,
Nancy Jane, Vina and Sallie (married first W. B. McClure, his second wife and
second Sam Laxton).
3. "Reference Book of Wyoming County History", Mary K. Bowman, page 449.
Fields Rutherford married Jane Laxton, daughter of George and Jennie Laxton,
in NC.
Children were: Sallie (married W.B. McClure, Manly McCoy, John, Nancy Jane,
Vina, and Thomas E.
4. "Births of Wyoming Co, WV...", Haga, 1873.
Melvina Rutherford was born on 11 May 1873 to Fields and Rutha J.
Rutherford. Gave mother's first name as Rutha.
5. "Wyoming Co, WV Hertiage...", "Henry J. Clay", article, page 95.
After Henry J.'s wife, Mary Anderson Clay, died on 1 Dec 1885, he married
Rutha Rutherford.
6. "Marriage Records of Wyoming...", Vol 3, No 44, Haga, page 20.
Henry J. Clay, age 64, born KY, married Rutha Rutherford, age 42, born
Alleghaney Co, NC. They were married on 10 Oct 1886.
7. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 741.
Center Township, page 010.
Listed as Rutha J. Rutherford, age 38, in household of husband, Fields
Rutherford.
8. 1900 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Center District, Family #216.
Listed as Jane Rutherford, age 56, widow, head of household.
9. 1850 Census, Ashe Co, NC, taken on 29 Aug 1850, Page 267A, Family #431.
Listed as Ruth J. Laxton, age 10, born in VA, in household of father, George
W. Laxton.
10. 1910 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Slab Fork District, taken on 16 Apr 1910, Page 280B, Family #13.
Listed as Rutha Jane Rutherford, age 67, born in NC, widow, 8 children, 5 living, in household of
son, Manley M. Rutherford.
1. E-mail, 24 Oct 2000, W. Darrell Miller, darrell-miller@webtv.net
Melvina Farley was not a daughter of Jackson Farley. She was born in 1859 to
Elizabeth Clay before Elizabeth married Jackson. Her father was supposedly
(________) Short. Melvina's first husband, Frankin Brinegar died in 1900;
she married second, (________) Baldwin and third (________) Shields. Melvina
died in 1949 and is buried on Gulf Fork.
1. 1850 Census, Pike Co, KY; taken on 12 Aug 1850; Page 449A; Image 31 of 127; Family #234/234.
Listed as Elizabeth Clay; age 9; born in KY; in household of father, Henry J. Clay.
2. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV; Joes Branch PO; taken on 29 Jun 1860; Page 667; Image 18 of
73; Family #109/92.
Listed as Elizabeth Clay; age 18; born in KY; in household of father, Henry J. Clay.
3. "Wyoming Co, WV Hertiage...", "Henry J. Clay", article, page 95.
Married Jackson Farley, son of Joseph and Elizabeth Farley.
4. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Center District, Rock View PO, taken on 20 Jul 1870, Page 567A,
Family #28.
Listed as Elizabeth Farley, age 28, born in KY, in household of husband, Jackson Farley.
5. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Center District, Rock View, taken on 5 Jun 1880, Page 501A,
Family #22.
Listed as Elizabeth Farley, age 40, born in KY, in household of husband, Jackson Farley.
1. 1850 Census, Pike Co, KY; taken on 12 Aug 1850; Page 449A; Image 31 of 127; Family #234/234.
Listed as Marston Clay; age 7; born in KY; in household of father, Henry J. Clay.
2. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV; Joes Branch PO; taken on 29 Jun 1860; Page 667; Image 18 of
73; Family #109/92.
Listed as Masten Clay; age 15; born in KY; in household of father, Henry J. Clay.
3. "Wyoming Co, WV Hertiage...", "Henry J. Clay", article, page 95.
Married Sarah Jane Workman, daughter of Charles and Pheobe Workman.
4. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Center Dist, at Rockview, Family 84.
5. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 702.
Center Township, page 011.
Listed as Marten G. Clay, age 37, head of household, a farmer.
6. 1900 Census, McDowell Co, WV, Browns Creek District, page 133A, Family 264.
Listed as M.G. Clay, age 56, born in Dec 1843, head of household.
7. 1910 Census, McDowell Co, WV; Browns Creek District; Huger Precinct; taken on 22 Apr 1910;
Page 235A; Family #141/141.
Listed as Maston G. Clay; age 66; born in KY; married twice, last time for 11 yrs; farmer; head of
household.
1. 1860 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Listed in household of father, Charles Workman.
2. "Wyoming Co, WV Hertiage...", "Henry J. Clay", article, page 95.
Masten Clay married Sarah Jane Workman, daughter of Charles and Pheobe
Workman.
3. 1870 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, Center Dist, at Rockview, Family 84.
4. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 702.
Center Township, page 011.
Listed as Sarah J. Clay, age 35, in household of husband, Marten G. Clay.
5. 1850 Census, Raleigh Co, WV, Family #32, page 3A, taken 7 Jul 1850.
Listed as Jane Workman, age 9, in household of father, Charles Workman.
1. 1880 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, compiled by William A. Marsh, Vol 4, page 702.
Center Township, page 011.
Listed as Silas Clay, age 9, in household of father, Marten G. Clay.
1. Wyoming Co, WV; Birth Registry; Vol #__(1882); Page 45; Line #32; WV Archives Web Site.
William Dexter Clay was born on 18 Dec 1882 in Wyoming Co, WV; to M.G. and Sarah Jane Clay.
1. Wyoming Co, WV; Birth Registry; Vol #__(1884); Page 59; Line #85; WV Archives Web Site.
Susan Clay; born _____(no date); in Wyoming Co, WV; parents, M.J. and Jane Clay.
2. 1900 Census, Wyoming Co, WV, transcribed by Pauline Haga.
Baileysville District, Family #22.
Listed as Susan Clay, age 16, in household of brother, Charles Clay.